International Cricket Council ICC | Info,About,News | Researchers

International Cricket Council:

The world's cricket governing organization is called the International Cricket Council (ICC). It has 108 national associations as members, including 12 Full Members and 96 Associate Members, and is headquartered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The Imperial Cricket Conference, which was established in 1909, changed its name to the International Cricket Conference in 1965, and finally adopted its present name in 1987.

The ICC now has 108 member countries: 96 Associate Members and 12 Full Members, who compete in Test matches. The Cricket World Cup and the T20 World Cup are two of the sport's most prominent international competitions that are organized and governed by the ICC. Additionally, it selects the umpires and referees for all authorized Test games, One Day Internationals, and Twenty20 Internationals. It also coordinates action against corruption and match-fixing via its Anti-Corruption and Security Unit, which establishes professional standards of conduct for international cricket (ACSU).

The ICC does not oversee domestic cricket in member nations or bilateral games between member countries (which includes all Test matches). The rules of the game, which have been governed by the Marylebone Cricket Club since 1788, are not created or changed as a result of this.

The Chairman of the Board of Directors is Narayanaswami Srinivasan, a former BCCI president who was appointed as the inaugural Chairman of the Council on June 26, 2014. Since the chairman post was established and other amendments to the ICC constitution were enacted in 2014, the job of the ICC president has essentially evolved into an honorific function. It has been said that the 2014 amendments gave the "Big Three" countries of Australia, England, and India more power. After Mustafa Kamal resigned from his position as ICC president in April 2015, Zaheer Abbas was chosen to fill the position in June 2015. Shashank Manohar, who took over for Srinivasan in October 2015, became the first independently elected chairman of the ICC after the position of ICC president was eliminated in April 2016.

History:

1909–1963:

Abe Bailey, the president of the South African Cricket Association, sent a letter to F.E. Lacey, the secretary of the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC, England), on November 30, 1907. The creation of an "Imperial Cricket Board" was Bailey's idea. In the letter, he made the suggestion that the board would be in charge of creating the guidelines for the international games involving the three members, Australia, England, and South Africa. Bailey wanted to stage a triangular test series in South Africa amongst the participating nations. Australia turned down the proposal. Bailey didn't give up, however. During the Australia tour of England in 1909, he saw a chance to bring the three together. Bailey was successful after further advocacy and work.

The Imperial Cricket Conference was established during a meeting of delegates from England, Australia, and South Africa on June 15, 1909, at Lord's. A second gathering of the three participants took place a month later. The countries came to an understanding of the regulations, and it was determined that the first-ever Tri-Test series would take place in England in 1912.

With the addition of the West Indies, New Zealand, and India as Full Members in 1926, the number of Test-playing countries increased to six. Pakistan was established in 1947, and in 1952 it was granted Test status, making it the fifth Test-playing country. South Africa departed the Commonwealth in May 1961, and as a result, it was no longer a member.

1964–1988:

The ICC decided to include the non-Test playing nations in 1964. The ICC became the International Cricket Conference the next year. As a new class of members, Associates, the US, Ceylon, and Fiji were accepted. [13 The ICC decided to include the non-Test playing nations in 1964. The ICC became the International Cricket Conference the next year. As a new class of members, Associates, the US, Ceylon, and Fiji were accepted.

While South Africa has yet to submit an application to rejoin the ICC, East Africa, Bermuda, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Bermuda were all inducted as Associates in 1968.

The fundamental laws of the ICC were modified in 1969.

The notion of holding a World Cup was floated during the 1971 summit. The 1975 World Cup would be held in England, it was determined during the 1973 conference. Participants were asked to include the six Test-playing countries, East Africa, and Sri Lanka.]

While South Africa has yet to submit an application to rejoin the ICC, East Africa, Bermuda, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Bermuda were all inducted as Associates in 1968.

The fundamental laws of the ICC were modified in 1969.

The notion of holding a World Cup was floated during the 1971 summit. The 1975 World Cup would be held in England, it was determined during the 1973 conference. Participants were asked to include the six Test-playing countries, East Africa, and Sri Lanka.

1989–present:

The MCC President's automatic election as ICC Chairman ended at the meeting in July 1989, and the ICC changed its name to the International Cricket Council.

UAE joined as an Associate in 1990.

For the first time in ICC history, the conference was held in Melbourne rather than England in 1991. Following the end of apartheid, South Africa was re-elected as a Full Member of the ICC in July.

Zimbabwe was accepted as the ninth Full Member in 1992. Namibia became a member as an associate. As Affiliates, Austria, Belgium, Brunei, and Spain joined.

The ICC Chief Executive job was established in 1993, and David Richards of the Australian Cricket Board was the first person to hold the role. Sir Clyde Walcott of Barbados was chosen as the organization's first non-British Chairman in July. The inclusion of a third umpire who had access to video playback features was made possible by the development of new technology.

The third umpire was obliged to indicate out or not out with red and green lights, respectively, for run-outs and stumpings in Test matches by 1995. In the year after, cameras were employed to verify whether the ball had been over the line, and in 1997, the third umpire may be consulted on whether catches were clean. The Duckworth-Lewis technique of modifying objectives in ODI games impacted by weather was also introduced this year.

Bangladesh joined the International Cricket Council as its tenth Full Member in 2000.

ICC relocated to its new headquarters in Dubai in 2005.

Following a unanimous decision at the ICC Full Council meeting held at The Oval in 2017, Afghanistan and Ireland were inducted as the eleventh and twelfth Full Members of the International Cricket Council. Additionally, Affiliate Membership was eliminated, and all previous Affiliate Members were converted to Associate Members.

All Women's T20 games received Women's Twenty20 International status in 2018.

The ICC awarded associate member status to Uzbekistan, Cote D'Ivoire, and Cambodia in July 2022.

Members:

the twelve governing bodies of groups that take part in legitimate Test matches and have full voting rights on the International Cricket Council. the 96 governing organizations in nations where cricket is well-established and organized, but who have not yet been given Full Membership.

Location:

The ICC has called Lord's Cricket Ground home since its inception, and as of 1993, its headquarters were located in the "Clock Tower" structure at the nursery end of the stadium. The World Cup of One Day International Cricket's commercial exploitation of the rights served as the independent ICC's first source of funding. Due to the fact that not all Member nations had double-taxation arrangements with the UK, it was essential to establish ICC Development (International) Pvt. Ltd., sometimes known as IDI, outside of the UK to safeguard cricket's financial interests. This started in January 1994 and had a Monaco basis. [References required]

The management of IDI was a simple operation throughout the rest of the 1990s. However, the amount of money available to international cricket and the ICC member nations increased significantly with the agreement of a package of rights to all ICC tournaments from 2001 through 2008. The number of commercial employees employed by IDI in Monaco increased as a result. It also had the drawback of dividing the council's cricket administrators, who stayed at Lord's, from their business counterparts in Monaco. The Council made the decision to look for methods to consolidate all of its employees into a single office while avoiding paying taxes on their commercial revenue. [References required]

The possibility of continuing at Lord's was looked at, and Sport England requested of the British Government that the ICC be granted special exemption from paying UK corporation tax on its commercial revenue while having all of its workers (including those working on commercial concerns) in London. The British government refused to comply with this request because it did not want to set a precedent. As a result, the ICC looked at many places before deciding on the United Arab Emirates emirate of Dubai. British Virgin Islands is where ICC is registered. The ICC shuttered its offices at Lord's and Monaco after relocating to Dubai in August 2005. The decision to relocate to Dubai was taken after an 11-1 vote in favor of the ICC executive board.

While the need to consolidate its key personnel in one tax-efficient location served as the ICC's primary motivation for moving to Dubai, a secondary motivation was the desire to relocate offices closer to the region's rising new centers of cricketing strength in South Asia. When the International Cricket Council (ICC) was run by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), Lord's had been a sensible location (a situation that lasted until 1993). However, the MCC's continuous leadership of international cricket had become outmoded and untenable due to the rising dominance of India and Pakistan in global cricket. The eventual shift from Lord's to a more neutral location was a direct result of the adjustments and reforms implemented in 1993.

Income generation:

The Cricket World Cup is the main event the ICC organizes that produces revenue, and it shares the bulk of that revenue among its members. Between 2007 and 2015, the World Cup's sponsorship and broadcast rights generated approximately US$1.6 billion, by far the ICC's primary source of revenue. Operating income for the ICC was $12.66 million for the nine-month accounting period ending on December 31, 2007, mostly from member subscriptions and sponsorship. The event's revenue, which included $239 million from the 2007 World Cup, was US$285.87 million. Additionally, there was $6.695 million in investment income during that time. [Required update]

The bilateral international cricket matches (Test matches, One Day Internationals, and Twenty20 Internationals), which make up the vast bulk of the international playing calendar, are owned and managed by the ICC's members and do not generate any revenue for the organization. To increase World Cup income, it has tried to develop other new events. These events include the 2005 ICC Super Series and the ICC Champions Trophy, both of which were held in Australia. However, the ICC had anticipated more success from these tournaments. Since the Super Series was universally seen as a failure, it is unlikely that it would be replicated. In 2006, India demanded that the Champions Trophy be discontinued. Although the 2006 version was seen as a higher success owing to a revised structure, the editor of Wisden 2005 referred to the Champions Trophy 2004 event as a "turkey of a tournament" and a "fiasco."

When it was originally played in 2007, the ICC World Twenty20 was a success. According to the ICC's current plan, an international competition will be held annually, with the Twenty20 World Cup taking place in years with an odd number of days, the World Cup continuing to be held the year before the Olympic Games, and the ICC Champions Trophy taking place in the remaining year of the cycle. 2010 marked the start of this cycle, one year after the 2009 iteration.

The ICC's internal structure was the subject of the 2015 documentary Death of a Gentleman by Sam Collins and Jarrod Kimber, who claimed that the organization was being governed to the disadvantage of the other members by the wealthier member nations.

The International Cricket Council is in charge of bowling reviews, playing conditions, and other ICC rules. The Laws of Cricket are not owned by the ICC; instead, only the MCC has the authority to alter them, generally after consulting with the organization that oversees international competition in the sport. [Reference required] For international cricket, the ICC maintains a set of rules that make minor changes to the Laws. They also have a "Code of Conduct" that all teams and participants in international competitions must follow. If there are violations of this code, the ICC may impose penalties, mainly fines. The ICC penalized players 19 times in 2008.

Umpires and referees:

All authorized Test matches, One-Day Internationals, and Twenty20 Internationals are officiated by international match officials appointed by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The Elite Panel, the International Panel, and the Associates and Affiliates Panel are the three umpire panels used by the ICC.

Twelve umpires were a part of the Elite Panel as of April 2012. Theoretically, two Elite Panel umpires oversee each Test match, while one Elite Panel umpire oversees ODI matches with an International Panel umpire. Members of the International Panel often take the field in sporadic Test matches since it is thought that this is an excellent chance to determine if they can perform at the Test level and whether they should be promoted to the Elite Panel. The Elite Panel members work full-time for the ICC, although they still very seldom officiate first-class cricket in their home nations. The typical officiating schedule for Elite Umpires is 8–10 Test matches and 10-15 ODIs, which translates to a possible on-field workload of 75 days per year, in addition to travel and preparation time.

Each of the eleven cricket boards that participate in Test matches nominates one representative for the International Panel. When there are high periods in the cricket calendar when they may be nominated to referee ODI and Test matches, the Panel Members support the Elite Panel by officiating ODI matches in their own nations. Members of the International Panel also participate in international umpiring competitions, such as the ICC Under 19 Cricket World Cup, to broaden their knowledge of international circumstances and be ready for potential advancement to the Elite Panel. A few of these officials also work the Cricket World Cup. A "third umpire" is designated by each Test cricket board who may be contacted to examine specific on-field decisions through immediate television replays. The post is seen as a stepping stone into the International Panel and eventually the Elite Panel since all third umpires are first-class umpires in their own nations.

In June 2006, the first ICC Associate and Affiliate International Umpires Panel was established. With the selection made via each of the five ICC Development Program Regional Umpires Panels, it replaced the ICC Associate and Affiliate International Umpires Panel, which was established in 2005, and now represents the highest level for umpires from non-Test playing Members.

Appointments to ODIs featuring ICC Associate Members, ICC Intercontinental Cup games, and other Associate and Affiliate events are open to members of the Associate and Affiliate International Umpires Panel. High-performing umpires may also be given consideration for participation in other ICC tournaments, like the ICC U/19 Cricket World Cup, as well as the ICC Champions Trophy and ICC Cricket World Cup.

Additionally, an Elite Panel of ICC Referees serves as the impartial ICC representation at all Test and ODI games. It has six highly skilled former international cricket players as of January 2009. The ICC Code of Hold requires referees to conduct hearings and impose punishments during matches, ranging from an official reprimand to a lifelong ban from playing cricket. Referees do not have the authority to report players or officials (which must be done by the umpires). Although decisions may be challenged, they are often affirmed.

Due to BCCI resistance, the Council failed to get agreement among the cricket-playing countries on the general use of an umpire's decision review system as of June 2012. As long as the participating nations agree, it will continue to be used. To allay BCCI's concerns over the usage of DRS technology, ICC made the decision to send a delegation in July 2012 to present the ball tracking study carried out by Dr. Ed Rosten, a specialist in computer vision and technology.